Urea, yomwe imadziwikanso kuti carbamide, imapangidwa ndi kaboni, nayitrogeni, mpweya, hydrogen organic kompositi ndi kristalo woyera, pakadali pano ndi nayitrogeni wambiri wa feteleza wa nayitrogeni. Urea imakhala ndi nayitrogeni wambiri, kuchuluka kwa mankhwala sikuyenera kukhala kwakukulu kwambiri, kuti tipewe kuwonongeka kosafunikira komanso "kuwonongeka kwa feteleza". Alimi m'malo ambiri opanga zipatso amagwiritsa ntchito urea wambiri, zomwe zimapangitsa mitengo yakufa, zotsatirapo zake ndizovuta kwambiri. Lero tidziwitsa kugwiritsa ntchito moyenera kwa urea.

Gwiritsani urea taboo khumi 

Kusakanikirana ndi ammonium bicarbonate

Urea ikaikidwa m'nthaka, imayenera kusandulika kukhala ammonia isanathe kulowetsedwa ndi mbewu, ndipo kutembenuka kwake kumachedwa pang'onopang'ono pansi pa zinthu zamchere kuposa pansi pa acidic. Amonium bicarbonate atagwiritsidwa ntchito panthaka, mayankho ake anali amchere, ndipo mtengo wa pH unali 8.2 ~ 8.4. Malo olimapo omwe akusakaniza ammonium bicarboate ndi urea, apangitsa kutembenuka kwa urea kukhala liwiro la ammonia kudachepa kwambiri, kosavuta kuyambitsa kutayika kwa urea ndi kutayika kwa volatilization. Chifukwa chake, urea ndi ammonium bicarbonate siziyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito mophatikiza kapena munthawi yomweyo. 

Pewani kuwulutsa kwapamwamba

Urea imafalikira pansi ndipo imatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pakatha masiku 4-5 atatembenuka kutentha. Nitrogeni wambiri amasungunuka mosavuta mukamakonzanso, ndipo momwe amagwiritsidwira ntchito ndi 30% yokha. Ngati imafalikira m'nthaka yamchere ndi nthaka yokhala ndi zinthu zambiri zakuthambo, nayitrogeni idzawonongeka mwachangu. Ndipo ntchito yosalala ya urea, yosavuta kudyedwa ndi namsongole. Urea amagwiritsidwa ntchito mozama ndikusungunula nthaka kuti feterezayo akhale m'nthaka yonyowa, yomwe imapindulitsa feteleza. Chovalachi chiyenera kuchitika pambali ya mmera wokhala ndi mabowo kapena ngalande, ndipo kuya kuyenera kukhala pafupifupi 10-15cm. Mwanjira imeneyi, urea imakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi mizu, yomwe imathandizira kuyamwa ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mbewu. Kuyesera kunawonetsa kuti kuchuluka kwa magwiritsidwe a urea kumatha kuwonjezeka ndi 10% ~ 30%.

Atatu samera feteleza

Urea pakupanga, nthawi zambiri amatulutsa biuret pang'ono, pomwe biuret woposa 2% amakhala poizoni kwa mbewu ndi mbande, urea ngati mbeu ndi mbande, zimapanga mapuloteni, zimathandizira kumera ndi mmera kukula kwa mbewu, choncho si yoyenera kubzala feteleza. Ngati iyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati feteleza wa mbeu, pewani kulumikizana pakati pa mbeu ndi feteleza ndikuwongolera kuchuluka kwake.

Anayi pewani nthawi yomweyo pambuyo kuthirira

Urea ndi wa amide feteleza wa nayitrogeni, womwe umayenera kusinthidwa kukhala ammonia nayitrogeni kuti uzilowetsedwa ndikugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi mizu ya mbewu. Chifukwa cha nthaka, kutentha ndi kutentha, kusintha kwake kumatenga nthawi yayitali kapena kanthawi kochepa. Nthawi zambiri zimatha kutha pakatha masiku 2 ~ 10. Nthawi zambiri, kuthirira kumayenera kuchitika 2 ~ 3 patatha masiku agwiritsidwe ntchito mchilimwe ndi nthawi yophukira, ndipo masiku 7 ~ 8 mutagwiritsa ntchito dzinja ndi masika.